TRANSFORMER

A transformer is a passive electrical device that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another or multiple circuits. A varying current in any one coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core, which induces a varying electromotive force across any other coils wound around the same core. Electrical energy can be transferred between separate coils without a metallic (conductive) connection between the two circuits. Faraday's law of induction, discovered in 1831, describes the induced voltage effect in any coil due to a changing magnetic flux encircled by the coil.

Transformers are most commonly used for increasing low AC voltages at high current (a step-up transformer) or decreasing high AC voltages at low current (a step-down transformer) in electric power applications, and for coupling the stages of signal processing circuits. Transformers can also be used for isolation, where the voltage in equals the voltage out, with separate coils not electrically bonded to one another.

1 Principles

1 Ideal transformer

2 Real transformer

3 Transformer EMF equation

4 Polarity

5 Effect of frequency

6 Energy losses

2 Construction

1 Cores

2 Windings

3 Cooling

4 Insulation

5 Bushings

TRANSFORMERS TYPES

Schematic of a large oil-filled power transformer 

1-Tank 

2-Lid 

3-Conservator tank 

4-Oil level indicator

5-Buchholz relay for detecting gas bubbles

6-Piping 

7-Tap changer 

8- Drive motor for tap changer 

9- Driveshaft for tap changer 

10-High voltage (HV) bushing 

11-High voltage bushing current transformers 

12-Low voltage (LV) bushing 

13-Low voltage current transformers 

14-Bushing voltage-transformer for metering 

15-Core 

16-Yoke of the core 

17-Limbs connect the yokes and hold them up 

18-Coils 

19-Internal wiring between coils and tapchanger 

20-Oil release valve 

21-Vacuum valve

Transformer

1. Protection of Transformer
2. Equivalent Circuit diagram of a single-phase Transformer
3. Core type Transformer and Shell type Transformer
4. Transformer with winding Resistance and Magnetic Leakage
5. Transformer with winding Resistance but No Magnetic Leakage
6. Equivalent Resistance of single-phase Transformer
7. Magnetic leakage of Single Phase Transformer
8. Oil Flow Indicator of the pump of Power Transformer
9. Silica Gel Breather of Transformer
10. Oil Pump of Transformer
11. The radiator of the Transformer and working of Radiator
12. PRD of Transformer
13. MOG ( magnetic oil gauge ) of Transformer
14. Bushing of Transformer ( for H.V side and L.V side )
15. WTI and OTI of Transformer
16. Buchholz Relay of Transformer and Working of Buchholz Relay
17. Conservator tank of Transformer
18. What is a Power Transformer?
19. Short Circuit Test or Full load Cu loss of Transformer
20. Open circuit test or No-load Test of Transformer
21. Parallel operation of 3-phase Transformer
22. Earthing or Neutral Grounding Transformer
23. Transformer on On load Condition
24. E.m.f Equation of Transformer
25. Transformer on No load Condition